Which component of a grain kernel helps in the growth of new plants?

The germ is the vital part of a grain kernel responsible for the growth of new plants. It is essentially the embryo of the seed, containing the genetic material necessary for germination and growth. When the conditions are optimal, such as in the presence of moisture and warmth, the germ will sprout and develop into a new plant.

The germ is rich in nutrients, serving as a source of energy and sustenance for the seedling as it begins its growth cycle. It works in conjunction with other parts of the kernel, but its primary role is to initiate and support the growth process.

The endosperm, while crucial for providing energy and nutrition to the germ during germination, does not directly contribute to the growth of new plants in the way that the germ does. Bran is the outer layer that protects the seed and is high in fiber and other nutrients, while the skin is not a formal part of the grain kernel in a biological sense. These parts play their respective roles in the grain's structure and nutrition but are not involved in the direct process of plant growth initiated by the germ.